Plants of the southwestern coastal region of Louisiana

 

Salt (Saline) Marsh.  10.0 ppt and above

            Batis maritima L.                    saltwort; turtleweed

            Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene              saltgrass; inland saltgrass

            Juncus roemarianus Scheele      needlerush; black rush

            Spartina alterniflora Loisel.        smooth cordgrass

           

Brackish marsh.  3.5 to 10.0 ppt

Iva frutescens L.                     shrubby marsh alder; Jesuit's bark;

upper edges of brackish marsh

Lycium carolinianum Walt.     Christmas berry; Carolina desert-thorn;

upper edges of brackish marsh

            Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller 

chairmaker's bulrush

Scirpus americanus, Scirpus olneyi

            Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl.                 saltmeadow cordgrass

            Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene              saltgrass; inland saltgrass

 

 

Intermediate marsh. 0.5 to 3.5 ppt.

Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kükenth.         

            Jamaica swamp sawgrass

Cladium jamaicense Crantz

            Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller      Walter’s millet; coast cockspur grass

 

            Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.     common reed

            Sagittaria lancifolia L.                bulltongue arrowhead

            Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller  three-square rush

Scirpus americanus, Scirpus olnei E. & G.

            Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla           California bulrush

                        Scirpus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Steud.

Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla             common threesquare

                        Scirpus pungens Vahl

            Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong             sturdy bulrush

                        Scirpus robustus Pursh

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla softstem bulrush

                        Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) A.& D. Löve

                        Scirpus tabernaemontani K.C. Gmel.

                        Scirpus validus Vahl

 

            Setaria magna Griseb.            giant bristlegrass

            Typha latifolia L.        common cattail

 

Miscellaneous:

                        Aster subulatus Michx.            saltmarsh aster

                        Aster tenuifolius L.      saline aster

                        Batis maritima L.        saltwort

                        Borrichia frutesens (L.) DC.   sea ox-eye daisy

 

                        Chloracantha spinosa (Benth.) Nesom            spiny chloracantha

                                                                                                devil-weed; spiny aster

                        Eustoma exaltatum (L.) Salisb. ex G. Don         catchfly prairie gentian

                        Hibiscus lasiocarpus Cav.       woolly rose mallow

                        Kosteletzyka virginica (L.) Gray         saltmarsh mallow

                        Rayjacksonia phyllocephala (DC.) R.L. Hartman & M.L. Lane          camphor daisy

                        Salicornia bigelovii Torr.        Annual glasswort

                        Salicornia virginica L.                        creeping glasswort

                        Solidago sempervirens L.        seaside goldenrod

                        Suaeda linearis (Ell.) Moq.      seablight

                        Sesuvium maritimum (Walt.) BSP          sea purslane

                       

 

Pioneer emerging delta

            Baccharis halimifolia L.          eastern baccharis; saltbush

chairmaker's bulrush

Iva annua L.    annual marshelder

            Juncus effusus L.                     common rush

            Sagittaria latifolia Willd.         arrowhead

            Salix nigra L.              black willow

            Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller 

            Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla softstem bulrush

                        Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) A.& D. Löve

Scirpus americanus, Scirpus olneyi, Scirpus robustus

                        Scirpus tabernaemontani K.C. Gmel.

                        Scirpus validus Vahl

            Typha latifolia L.        cattail

 

Freshwater marsh.  0.0 to 0.5 ppt

Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.  alligatorweed

            Cyperus spp.   flatsedges

            Eleocharis spp.            spikerushes

            Juncus effusus L.           soft-stem rush

            Juncus spp.      rushes

            Panicum hemitomon J.A. Schultes      maidencane

            Pontederia cordata L.             pickerelweed

            Rhynchospora spp.      beaksedges

            Sagittaria lancifolia L.                bulltongue arrowhead

            Sagittaria latifolia Willd.         arrowhead

            Thalia dealbata Fraser ex Roscoe       powdery alligator-flag; powdery thalia

            Typha latifolia L.        cattail

 

           

 

 

Aquatics:

            Floating aquatics:

                        Lemna (and other Lemnaceae)             duckweeds

                        Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms     common water hyacinth

                        Ceratophyllum spp.     coontails

                        Utricularia spp.           bladderworts

 

            Emersed and emergent aquatics:

                        Nymphaea elegans Hook.       Blue waterlilly

                        Nymphaea mexicana Zucc.     yellow waterlily

                        Nymphaea odorata Ait.           American white waterlily

                        Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f.                         floating marshpennywort

                        Nelumbo lutea Willd.   American lotus

Limnobium spongia (Bosc) L.C. Rich. ex Steud.   frogbit; spongeplant

                        Pontederia cordata L.             pickerelweed

                        Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.       alligatorweed

                        Polygonum spp.          smartweeds

                        Ludwigia spp.              water primroses

                        Sagittaria spp.             arrowheads; bultongues

                        Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. watershield

                        Nymphoides aquatica (J.F. Gmel.) Kuntze      big floatingheart

                        Nymphoides cordata (Ell.) Fern.          little floatingheart

                        Typha latifolia L.        cattail

                        Cyperus spp.   flatsedges

                        Rhynchospora             beaksedges

                        Eleocharis       spikesedges

                       

            Submersed aquatics:

                        Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus           southern waternymph

                        Myriophyllum spp.      watermilfoil

                        Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle         hydrilla; waterthyme

                        Egeria densa Planch.   egeria; Brazilian waterweed

                        Ceratophyllum spp.     coon’s tail; hortworts

                        Proserpinaca spp.       mermaidweed

                        Potamogeton spp.                  pondweed

 

Dune plants:

            Eragrostis secundiflora J. Presl ssp. oxylepis (Torr.) S.D. Koch         red lovegrass

            Panicum amarum Ell. var. amarum      bitter panicgrass

            Salicornia bigelovii Torr.        Annual glasswort

            Salicornia virginica L.                        creeping glasswort

            Sesuvium maritimum (Walt.) B.S.P.   slender seapurslane

            Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L.        shoreline seapurslane

            Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth        seashore dropseed

            Uniola paniculata L.   seaoats

 

Woody plants:

Trees:

Quercus virginiana P. Mill.        live oak; Cheniers and bayous

Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.  sweet acacia;

            Acacia smallii Isely

Celtis laevigata Willd.                         Sugarberry; Cheniers and bayous

 

 

Shrubs:

Baccharis halimifolia L.                      eastern baccharis; saltbush; widespread

Iva frutescens L.                                 shrubby marsh alder; Jesuit's bark;

upper edges of brackish marsh

Lycium carolinianum Walt.     Christmas berry; Carolina desert-thorn;

upper edges of brackish marsh

 

Grasses (Poaceae):

Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene              saltgrass; inland saltgrass

Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller      Walter’s millet; coast cockspur grass

Eragrostis secundiflora J. Presl ssp. oxylepis (Torr.) S.D. Koch         red lovegrass

Panicum amarum Ell. var. amarum      bitter panicgrass

Paspalum vaginatum L.          seashore paspalum

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.     common reed

Setaria magna Griseb.            giant bristlegrass

Spartina alterniflora Loisel.                smooth cordgrass

Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Roth          big cordgrass;

Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl.                saltmeadow cordgrass

Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex A.S. Hitchc.          gulf cordgrass

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth        seashore dropseed

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth        seashore dropseed

Uniola paniculata L.   seaoats

 

 

Sedges (Cyperaceae):

Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kükenth.          Sawgrass

Cladium jamaicense Crantz

            Cyperus spp.   flatsedges

            Eleocharis       spikesedges

            Rhynchospora             beaksedges     

            Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller    chairmaker's bulrush

Scirpus americanus, Scirpus olneyi, Scirpus robustus

            Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla           California bulrush

Scirpus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Steud.

Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla             common threesquare

                        Scirpus pungens Vahl

            Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong             sturdy bulrush

                        Scirpus robustus Pursh

            Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla softstem bulrush

                        Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) A.& D. Löve

                        Scirpus tabernaemontani K.C. Gmel.

                        Scirpus validus Vahl

Rushes (Juncaeae):

            Juncus roemarianus Scheele   needlerush; black rush

 

Sunflowers; composites (Asteraceae):

 

            Aster subulatus Michx.            saltmarsh aster

            Aster tenuifolius L.      saline aster

            Baccharis halimifolia L.          eastern baccharis; saltbush; chairmaker's bulrush

            Borrichia frutesens (L.) DC.   sea ox-eye daisy

            Chloracantha spinosa (Benth.) Nesom            spiny chloracantha

                                                                                    devil-weed; spiny aster

Iva annua L.                annual marshelder

Iva frutescens L.                     shrubby marsh alder; Jesuit's bark;

            Rayjacksonia phyllocephala (DC.) R.L. Hartman & M.L. Lane          camphor daisy

            Solidago sempervirens L.        seaside goldenrod