Systematics

In-Class Learning Objectives

Distinguish between phylogeny and systematics.
Distinguish between a monophyletic clade and paraphyletic and polyphyletic groupings of species.
Distinguish between shared primitive characters and shared derived characters. 
Explain how shared derived characters can be used to construct a phylogenetic diagram.
Explain how outgroup comparison can be used to distinguish between shared primitive characters and shared derived characters.
Explain why R. H. Whittaker’s five-kingdom system has been replaced by a new system with three domains.

Active learning/clicker powerpoint

Out-of-Class Learning Objectives

Explain the following characteristics of the Linnaean system of classification:
a. binomial nomenclature
b. hierarchical classification
List the major taxonomic categories from most to least inclusive.
Define a clade. 
Define parsimony.  Explain its significance to a phylogeneticist.

Key Terms

analogy
binomial 
clade
cladistics
cladogram
class
domain
family
genus
kingdom
monophyletic
order
outgroup
paraphyletic
phylgenetic tree
phylogeny
phylum
polyphyletic
shared derived character
shared primitive character
systematics
taxonomy
three-domain system